Category: CR 3: Evidence of Reactions (HS)

Apply scientific principles and evidence to provide an explanation about the effects of changing the temperature or concentration of the reacting particles on the rate at which a reaction occurs​

Chemical Reactions, CR 3: Evidence of Reactions (HS), CR 4: Driving Reactions (HS), Earth Science, HE 1: Earth's History (MS), HE 2: Early Earth (HS), History of Earth, Non-NGSS Articles, Physical Science, S&P 4: Molecule Traits (HS), Structure & Properties of Matter

Beaming Purines

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The Formation of Nucleobases from the Ultraviolet Photoirradiation of Purine in Simple Astrophysical Ice Analogues SUMMARY: Purines were combined with water and ammonia and beamed with UV photons similar to the pyrimidines in “Beaming Pyrimidines Part 1”. Researchers found many purine compounds in the products including adenine and guanine (at different concentration levels). The discussion… Continue reading Beaming Purines

Chemical Reactions, CR 2: Energy in Reactions (HS), CR 3: Evidence of Reactions (HS), CR 4: Driving Reactions (HS), Non-NGSS Articles, Physical Science, S&P 1: Atoms & Molecules (MS), S&P 4: Molecule Traits (HS), Structure & Properties of Matter

Beaming Pyrimidines Part 3

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Irradiation of Pyrimidine in Pure H2O Ice with High-Energy Ultraviolet Photons SUMMARY: In Part 3 of pyrimidine beaming, researchers looked at different energy levels of photons and their effect on pyrimidines. They beamed a water and pyrimidine ice mixture with photons of three different wavelengths. Uracil and the molecule that is the precursor to uracil… Continue reading Beaming Pyrimidines Part 3

Chemical Reactions, CR 1: Determining Chemical Reactions (MS), CR 1: Predicting Reactions (HS), CR 2: Energy in Reactions (HS), CR 2: Modeling Conservation of Mass (MS), CR 3: Evidence of Reactions (HS), CR 3: Testing Endo/Exothermic Reactions (MS), CR 4: Driving Reactions (HS), Non-NGSS Articles, Physical Science, S&P 1: Atoms & Molecules (MS), S&P 1: Periodic Table Patterns (HS), S&P 3: Heat & Reactions (MS), S&P 4: Molecule Traits (HS), Structure & Properties of Matter, W 1: Graphing Waves (MS), W 1: Wave Relationships (HS), W 2: Wave Behavior (MS), Waves & Electromagnetic Radiation

Beaming Pyrimidines Part 2

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Thymine and Other Prebiotic Molecules Produced from the Ultraviolet Photo-Irradiation of Pyrimidine in Simple Astrophysical Ice Analogs(NOT OPEN ACCESS) SUMMARY: In the second edition of beaming pyrimidines, instead of using ammonia, scientists beamed pyrimidines with methanol, water and methanol, methane, and water and methane, at various ratios for each combination. As with “Beaming Pyrimidines Part… Continue reading Beaming Pyrimidines Part 2

Chemical Reactions, CR 2: Energy in Reactions (HS), CR 2: Modeling Conservation of Mass (MS), CR 3: Evidence of Reactions (HS), CR 3: Testing Endo/Exothermic Reactions (MS), CR 4: Driving Reactions (HS), CR 5: Conservation of Mass (HS), Physical Science, S&P 4: Molecule Traits (HS), Structure & Properties of Matter, W 1: Graphing Waves (MS), W 1: Wave Relationships (HS), W 2: Digital Info (HS), W 2: Wave Behavior (MS), W 3: Digital vs Analog (MS), W 3: Modeling Electromagnetic Radiation (HS), W 5: Devices (HS), Waves & Electromagnetic Radiation

Beaming Simulated Space Ice

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Enantiomeric separation of complex organic molecules produced from irradiation of interstellar/circumstellar ice analogs(NOT OPEN ACCESS) SUMMARY: To simulate conditions in space and in asteroids and meteorites, scientists put simple gases (water, carbon dioxide, ammonia, and methanol) into a low temperature and low pressure chamber. Then, using UV light, they irradiated these gases (which at the… Continue reading Beaming Simulated Space Ice